Andrews, K.L., Barnes, M.M., 1981.
Spider mites on almond in the southern San Joaquin Valley of California. Environmental Entomology, 10: 6-9.
Abstract
Six species of tetranychid mites were found feeding on almond foliage in the southern San Joaquin Valley of California. Two species, Bryobia rubrioculus (Scheuten), Panonychus ulmi (Koch), were rare. P. citri (McG.) was present on the east side of the valley, annually renewing infestation on almond by ballooning from the citrus of that area in spring and dispersing south and west on almond over a period of months. Most of the Tetranychus populations sampled were mixed populations consisting of 2 or occasionally 3 species. These 3 principal pest species were not uniformly encountered across the valley. T. urticae Koch was present in all areas of the valley and was the dominant species in lower elevation mid-valley orchards. T. pacificus McG. was common or predominant in east and westside foothill orchards above 120 m in altitude and was rare in mid-valley orchards. T. turkestani (Ugar. & Nik.) was not encountered in westside orchards and accounted for one-quarter to one-third of the Tetranychus populations sampled in mid-valley and eastside orchards.
