Mijuskovic, M., 1973.
The study of mites on the Citrus trees on the Yugoslav littoral - final technical report. Titograd, Yugoslavia, Agriculture Research Institute: 239.
Abstract
In Yugoslavia, Citrus is grown only in a narrow strip along the southern Adriatic coast. Surveys have shown that six species of phytophagous mites are present on the trees, together with about 20 other species of mites, most of which are predacious. Notes are given on the abundance, distribution in Yugoslavia of all these species, together with an account of detailed studies carried out in 1968-72 on Panonychus citri (McG.), Aculops pelekassi (Keifer) and Aceria sheldoni (Ewing), which were shown to be those of most economic importance. Information is given on the morphology, world distribution and bionomics of these species and on the damage they cause, their natural enemies and studies on their chemical control.P. citri develops continuously in Yugoslavia and about 15 generations a year were observed. Populations were largest in spring and autumn. Some 16 species of predacious mites attacked P. citri, including Typhlodromus (Neoseiulus) yugoslavicus sp.n., which is described from the adult female. P. citri was also attacked by a very virulent form of a virus disease that may have been responsible for a rapid decline in population in one orchard in 1969. In field and laboratory tests with 19 acaricides, the best results were obtained with phenkapton, Anilix (a mixture of chlorfensulphide and chlorfenethol), dicofol (Kelthane) and phosalone (Zolone).Aculops pelekassi had 18-22 generations between May and October and overwintered on the buds. No natural enemies were observed. This species caused serious damage to the fruits [cf. RAE/A 61, 2837]. The best control was afforded by dicofol, sulphur dust, zineb, Cosan (wettable colloidal sulphur), quinomethionate (Morestan), Omite (2-p-t-butylphenoxy)cyclohexyl 2-propynyl sulphite) and Neoron (isopropyl 4,4-dibromobenzilate), phenkapton, Anilix, thiometon (Intrathion) and bromophos (Nexion) gave good initial control but soon lost their effectiveness.The bionomics of Aceria sheldoni are reviewed from the literature. In Yugoslavia, this is the most abundant and widely distributed phytophagous mite on lemon. It was first recorded there in 1958, but has probably been present since before the Second World War. The only natural enemy observed was the predacious mite T. pyri Scheuten. In tests on chemical control, applications of white oil emulsion in spring and autumn were effective, quinomethionate, dimethoate and chloropropylate reduced populations, but not to a sufficiently low level. Dicofol, phenkapton, formothion (Anthio), methyl-demeton (Metasystox) and methidathion (Ultracid) were ineffective
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