Gotoh, T., Kubota, M., 1997.
Population dynamics of the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Japanese pear orchards. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 21: 343-356.
Abstract
Populations of Panonychus citri were studied on pears in Ibaraki, Japan, during spring 1993-spring 1995. In spring, the mites migrated to the pear orchard, mainly from nearby holly trees (Ilex crenata), but in autumn most of the mites starved to death, while the rest returned to the holly trees. On the holly trees, the mite population peaked in late May 1993, in mid-June 1994 on overwintered leaves and moved to newly opened leaves in mid-June 1993 and late June 1994. The mites tended to disperse abruptly in early or mid-June and again towards the end of June. The mites inhabiting the holly trees appeared to migrate to the pear trees in June, but their densities on pear leaves remained low until mid-August. In the pear orchard, the mites initially tended to increase on pear leaves near the holly trees and then gradually spread to other leaves farther away from the holly trees. The highest density in the pear orchard occurred in mid-October. When pear leaves were inoculated with 2 or 5 adult females at different times from May to September, the leaves inoculated before mid-August showed no increase in the number of mites
