Cas9-mediated gene editing in the black-legged tick, Ixodes scapularis, by embryo injection and ReMOT Control
2026 - Volume: 66 Issue: Suppl pages: 180
https://doi.org/10.24349/g1m9-jl5a
ICA 2026 - XVII International Congress of Acarology, 20-24 July 2026, Montpellier
Keywords
Ticks
CRISPR
ReMOT
Ixodes scapularis
Genome editing
Abstract
Despite their capacity to acquire and transmit debilitating pathogens, research on ticks has lagged behind other arthropod vectors, such as mosquitoes, largely because of challenges in applying available genetic and molecular tools. CRISPR-Cas9 is transforming non-model organism research; however, successful gene editing was only recently achieved by our group. Technical challenges for injecting tick embryos to attempt gene editing have further slowed research progress. We developed an embryo injection protocol for the black-legged tick, Ixodes scapularis by 1) removing Gene’s organ from the gravid female to obtain eggs without wax, and treating the eggs with benzalkonium chloride and NaCl to permeabilize the chorion and dessicate the eggs for injections. We used the CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing method and injected 18-24 h old embryos with Cas9 and sgRNA. In addition, we used the ReMOT Control technique for genome editing. We developed the first tick embryo injection protocol and used this to edit the genome of I. scapularis ticks. Additionally, we showed that the ReMOT Control technique can be successfully used to generate mutations in the genomes of other arthropods outside Insecta. Our results provide innovative tools to the tick research community that are essential for advancing our understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing pathogen transmission by tick vectors and the underlying biology of host-vector-pathogen interactions.
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