1Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guiyang, 550025, China.
2Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guiyang, 550025, China.
3Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guiyang, 550025, China & College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
2022 - Volume: 62 Issue: 2 pages: 521-531
https://doi.org/10.24349/8207-2zjaThe genus Ghilarovizetes is a small genus of oribatid of the family Ceratozetidae that was established by Shaldybina (1969) with Ghilarovizetes obtusus Shaldybina, 1969 as type species. Currently, it comprises six species: Ghilarovizetes obtusus Shaldybina, 1969, Ghilarovizetes rostralis Shaldybina, 1969, Ghilarovizetes longisetosus Hammer, 1952, Ghilarovizetes maruyamai Hirauchi, 1999, Ghilarovizetes longiporosus Ermilov et Martens, 2014 and Ghilarovizetes africanus Mahunka, 1984, which collectively distributed in the Holarctic region and Tanzania. Prior of this study, no described species of Ghilarovizetes were reported from China (Subías 2004, updated 2021). The main generic characters of Ghilarovizetes were presented by Ermilov and Martens 2014.
The main goal of this paper is to describe and illustrate two new species of Ghilarovizetes, Ghilarovizetes labaheensis sp. nov. and Ghilarovizetes sichuanensis sp. nov. both collected from soil in Sichuan province, Southwest China.
Specimens were mounted in lactic acid on temporary cavity slides for identification and for measurement and illustration. We measured the body length (from tip of rostrum to posterior edge of notogaster) and width (widest part of notogaster) of mites, and all the measurements are given in micrometers. Drafts drawing using a light microscope (OLYMPUS PM-10AD) equipped with plotting instrument.
Terminology used follows that of Grandjean (1939, 1949, 1953), Behan-Pelletier (1985, 1986) and Norton and Behan-Pelletier (2009). The following abbreviations are used: rostral (ro), lamellar (le), interlamellar (in) and exobothridial (ex) setae, lamella (La), translamella (Tr), bothridium (bo), bothridial setae (bs), pteromorph (Ptm), tutorium (Tut), genal tooth (gt), pedotectum (Pd), discidium (Dis), lyrifissures (ia, im, ip, ih, ips, iad), opisthonotal gland opening (gla), subcapitular setae (a, m, h), adanal and anal setae (ad-, an-series), aggenital seta (ag), epimeral setae (1a–c, 2a, 3a–c, 4a–c), leg solenidia (σ, φ, ω), famulus (ε) and setae (bv, d, l, ft, tc, it, p, u, a, s, pv, pl, v), and palp setae (sup, inf, l, d, cm, acm, it, vt, ul, su) and solenidion ω.
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(Figs 1, 2)
Holotype (female) and three paratypes (females): Labahe National Nature Reserve (Yaan city, Sichuan province, China), above Huang Hai 1500-2000 m , 30°04′92″N, 102°26′13″E (collected by Wenqin Liang and Qiuxiao Tang).
The holotype and three paratypes are kept in 75% ethanol and deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).
Body size 510–513 × 340–348. Rostrum rounded. Lamellar cusp short with minute lateral tooth, translamella indistinct. Genal tooth with long, thin, pointed top and reaching rostrum. Tutorium narrow and concave medially. Bothridial seta of short length, clavate. Notogaster with four pairs of porose areas: A1 rounded, not divided into two parts, A3 rounded. Notogastral setae smooth, as long as bothridial setae, the anterior notogastral setae (c1, c2 and c3) are arranged in the same level. Epimeral setal formula: 3-1-3-3, slightly barbed. Aggenital setae and anoadanal setae smooth.
Measurements — Body length: 512 (holotype), 510–513 (3 paratypes); notogastral width: 348 (holotype), 340–348 (3 paratypes).
Integument — Coloration brown or dark-brownish. Microtuberculate on margin of notogaster, all parts of genital and anal plate surface. Postscutum, epimeral region, femora and genua I-IV micropunctate.
Prodorsum (Figs 1A-D) — Rostrum rounded. Seta ro, 58, barbed unilaterally, insertion close tip of rostrum. Lamella short and wide, basal part slightly wider than basal part of cusps, without translamella, with indistinct transverse line. Cusps small, with lateral tooth. Seta le sparsely barbed, 101, extending beyond tip of rostrum. Seta in sparsely barbed, 90, extending beyond tip of lamellar cusp, its insertions not covered by anterior margin of notogaster. Exobothridial seta short and tiny, about 15. Bothridial seta 38, with heavily barbed clavate head, rounded distally.
Notogaster (Figs 1A-B) — Longer than wide, about 1.2:1, anterior margin weakly arched. Pteromorphs well developed and immovable. 15 pairs of notogastral setae, relatively long, 38, all smooth, the anterior notogastral setae (c1, c2 and c3) are arranged in the same level. Four pairs of porose areas, all rounded and small, A1 not divided into two parts. Lyrifissures im located directly above to gla.
Gnathosoma (Figs 1B, 1D, 1E) — Subcapitulum longer than wide (143–150 × 104–110). Subcapitular setae h, m and a short (18–23) and barbed. Palp (length 78–84) with most setae barbed, formula of palp setae [trochanter to tarsus (+ solenidionω)]: 0-2-1-3-9(1). Cheliceral (length 143–150) seta cha longer (45-50) than chb (33-38), both barbed.
Lateral podosomal and epimeral regions (Figs 1B, 1C) — Pedotecta I large, concave, distal end swelling. Pedotecta II of medium size, scale-like, rounded anteriorly. Tutorium narrow, concave medially. Genal tooth elongate triangular, pointed distal end and reaching rostrum. Custodium with a long free distal spine extending anteriad of pedotectum II. Epimeral setal formula 3–1–3–3. Epimeral setae setiform, thin, slightly barbed; setae 1c, 3c, 4c (39–45) longer than other (26–30).
Anogenital region (Fig. 1B) — Anogenital setae short, setiform, thin. Six pairs of genital setae (10–12) shorter and smooth. One pair of aggenital (11), two pairs of anal (19) and three pairs of adanal (19) setae smooth. Lyrifissures iad on the same level as setae an2.
Legs (Figs 2A, 2B) — Tridactylous, medial claw slightly thicker than lateral claws. Formulas of leg setation and solenidia: I (1-5-3-4-20) [1-2-2], II (1-5-2-4-14) [1-1-2], III (2-2-1-3-14) [1-1-0], IV (1-2-2-3-11) [0-1-0]; homology of setae and solenidia as indicated in Table 1.
This species is named from the collection places of holotype, Labahee National Nature Reserve.
Ghilarovizetes labaheensis sp. nov. the seventh species of the genus, is distinguishable from the type species, Ghilarovizetes obtusus Shaldybina, 1969 (see Shaldybina 1969), by (1) rounded rostrum, (2) notogastral porose areas A1 not divided into two parts, and (3) anterior notogastral setae (c1, c2 and c3) are arranged in the same horizontal level. The new species differs from Ghilarovizetes longisetosus Hammer, 1952 (see Hammer 1952; Behan-Pelletier 1985, 1986; Seniczak et al. 1990), by (1) cusps with lateral dens, (2) genal tooth longer, reaching to rostrum, (3) tutorium concave medially, (4) custodium with a free distal spine extending anteriad of pedotectum II, and (5) notogastral setae smooth. The new species is distinguishable from Ghilarovizetes rostralis Shaldybina, 1969 (see Shaldybina 1969), by (1) far smaller body, (2) notogastral porose areas Aa small, similar in size with other porose areas, (3) notogastral setae of medium size, as long as bothridial setae, and (4) tutorium concave medially. The new species is distinguishable from Ghilarovizetes longiporosus Ermilov et Martens, 2014 (see Ermilov et Martens 2014), by (1) rounded rostrum, (2) without translamella, (3) rounded A3, and (4) similar body size. The new species is distinguishable from Ghilarovizetes maruyamai Hirauchi, 1999 (see Hirauchi 1999), by (1) rounded rostrum, (2) notogastral porose areas A1 not divided into two parts and (3) tutorium concave medially. The new species is distinguishable from Ghilarovizetes africanus Mahunka, 1984 (see Mahunka 1984b), by (1) similar body size, (2) notogastral setae of medium size and smooth and (3) shorter lamellar cusps.
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(Figs 3-5)
Holotype (female) and five paratypes (females): Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve (Tangjiahe city, Sichuan province, China), above Huang Hai 1800 m, 32°31′33″N, 104°29′E (collected by Huang Rong and He Yuan).
The holotype and five paratypes are kept in 75% ethanol and deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).
Body size 740–850 × 480–510. Rostrum concave medially. Lamella long and narrow, wider at base than base of cusps, translamella absent, cusp short with minute lateral tooth. Bothridial seta clavate with short, smooth stalk and barbed head. Five pairs of notogastral porose areas (porose areas A1 divided into two parts), oval or rounded. Genal tooth long, reaching insertion of rostral seta. Notogastral setae minute. Epimeral setal formula: 3-1-3-3, slightly barbed. Gggenital and anoadanal setae smooth.
Measurements — Body length: 740 (holotype), 740–850 (five paratypes); notogastral width: 480 (holotype), 480–510 (five paratypes).
Integument — Coloration brown or dark-brownish. Margin of notogaster and all parts of genital and anal plate surface microtuberculate. Prodorsum, postscutum, epimeral region, femora and genua I-IV micropunctate.
Prodorsum (Figs 3A-C) — Rostrum with medial indentation (clearly visible in dorso-anterior view). Seta ro, 71, barbed unilaterally, insertion close tip of rostrum. Lamella long and narrow, basal part wider than basal part of cusps, cusps small and narrow, with a lateral tooth; without translamella, with indistinct transverse line. Seta le sparsely barbed, 136-140, extending beyond tip of rostrum. Seta in sparsely barbed, 150-158, extending beyond tip of lamellar cusp, its insertions not covered by anterior margin of notogaster. Bothridial setae 47-51, with heavily barbed clavate head, rounded distally. Exobothridial setae 18-20, setiform, short and tiny.
Notogaster (Figs 3A-B) — Notogaster rounded, as long as wide, anterior margin weakly arched. Pteromorphs immovable. 15 pairs of notogastral setae, minute, 10-13, anterior notogastral setae (c1, c2 and c3) placed in the same horizontal level. Five pairs of notogastral porose areas, porose areas A1 divided into two parts, oval or rounded. Opisthonotal gland openings (gla) located directly above to seta lp. Lyrifissures im located middle of seta lp and seta lm.
Gnathosoma (Figs 3A, 3D, 3E) — Subcapitulum longer than wide (187–191 × 132–138). Subcapitular setae setiform, barbed, m (28–32) longer than a and h (20–25). Palp (length 147–153) with most setae barbed, formula of palp setae [trochanter to tarsus (+ solenidionω)]: 0-2-1-3-9(1). Cheliceral (length 187–191) seta cha longer (70-78) than chb (60-64), both barbed.
Lateral podosomal and epimeral regions (Figs 4A, 4B) — Pedotecta I well developed, concave, completely covering fovea pedales. Pedotecta II of medium size, scale-like, rounded anteriorly. Tutorium concave medially and wider distally. Genal tooth elongate triangular, distal end pointed and reaching insertion of seta ro. Custodium with a long free distal spine extending anteriad of pedotectum II. Epimeral setal formula 3–1–3–3. Epimeral setae setiform, thin, slightly barbed; setae 1c, 3c, 4c and 3b (44–48) longest, setae 4a, 4b and 1b (24-27) longer than setae 1a, 2a and 3a (19–22).
Anogenital region (Fig. 4A) — Six pairs of genital setae (16–18) tiny and smooth. One pair of aggenital (17-20) and two pairs of anal (22-26), three pairs of adanal setae. Lyrifissures iad on the same level as setae an2.
Legs (Figs 5A, 5B) —Tridactylous, medial claw slightly thicker than lateral claws. Formulas of leg setation and solenidia: I (1-5-3-4-18) [1-2-2], II (1-5-2-4-14) [1-1-2], III (2-2-1-3-14) [1-1-0], IV (1-2-2-3-13) [0-1-0]; homology of setae and solenidia as indicated in Table 2.
This species is named from the collection province of holotype, Sichuan province.
Ghilarovizetes sichuanensis sp. nov. the eighth species of the genus, is distinguishable from the type species, Ghilarovizetes obtusus Shaldybina, 1969 (see Shaldybina 1969), by (1) broad oval notogaster, (2) notogastral setae c1, c2 and c3 placed in the same horizontal level, (3) larger body size, (4) longer interlamellar setae, and (5) tutorium concave medially with wider distally. The new species differs from Ghilarovizetes maruyamai Hirauchi,1999 (see Hirauchi 1999), by (1) far larger body size, (2) both parts of notogastral porose areas A1 strongly differ in size, (3) setae in longer than setae le, and (4) genal tooth long, reaching insertion of seta ro. The new species differs from Ghilarovizetes longiporosus Ermilov et Martens, 2014 (see Ermilov et Martens 2014), by (1) notogastral porose areas A1 divided into two parts, (2) rounded notogastral porose A3 (3) without translamella and (4) exobothridial setae present. The new species differs from Ghilarovizetes africanus Mahunka, 1984 (see Mahunka 1984b), by (1) shorter lamellar cusps, (2) minute notogastral setae (3) tutorium concave medially with wider distally and (4) notogastral porose areas A1 divided into two parts. The new species differs from Ghilarovizetes rostralis Shaldybina, 1969 (see Shaldybina 1969), by (1) rostrum with medial indentation, (2) notogastral porose areas A1 divided into two parts, (3) longer interlamellar setae, and (4) without translamella. The new species differs from Ghilarovizetes longisetosus Hammer, 1952 (see Hammer 1952), by (1) rostrum with medial indentation, (2) larger body size, (3) tutorium concave medially with wider distally and (4) notogastral porose areas A1 divided into two parts. It is easily distinguishable from the new species, Ghilarovizetes labaheensis sp. nov., by (1) rostrum with medial indentation, (2) notogastral porose areas A1 divided into two parts, (3) the far larger body size, and (4) minute notogastral setae.
We would like to express our gratitude to Huang Rong, He Yuan, Wenqin Liang and Qiuxiao Tang (Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang of China) for providing samples. This project was supported by the Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2015FY210300); the Program of Excellent Innovation Talents, Guizhou Province, China (No. 20164022).